¶ 冷軋型鋼構造建築物結構設計規範及解說－附錄四 以直接強度法設計冷軋型鋼構材（4／4）
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Sydney, Australia, 2002.
6.10 Winter, G., Discussion of “Strength of Beams as Determined by Lateral Buckling,” by Karl de
Vries, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 112, 1947.
6.11 Winter, G., “Lateral Stability of Unsymmetrical I-beams and Trusses,” Transactions, ASCE, Vol.
198, 1943.
6.12 Kirby, P. A. and D. A. Nethercot, Design for Structural Stability, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY,
1979.
6.13 Pekoz, T. B. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Sections Under
Eccentric Load,” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, No. ST5, May 1969.
6.14 Pekoz, T. B. and N. Celebi, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Sections Under Eccentric
Load,” Engineering Research Bulletin 69-1, Cornell University, 1969.
6.15 Galambos, T. V., “Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures,” Fifth Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, NY, 1998.
6.16 Yu, C. and B. W. Schafer, “Distorsional Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams,” Journal
of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 132, No. 4, 2006.
6.17 American Iron and Steel Institute, Commentary on North American Specification for the Design of
Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, Washington, DC, 2007.
6.18 Schafer, B. W. and T. Pekoz, “Lateral Braced Cold-Formed Steel Flexural Members with Edge
Stiffened Flanges,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 125, No. 2, 1999.
6.19 Schafer, B. W., A. Sarawit, and T. Pekoz, “Complex Edge Stiffeners for Thin-Walled Members,”
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 132, No. 2, 2006
6.20 .Schuster, R. M., C. A. Rogers, and A. Celli, “Research into Cold-Formed Steel Perforated
C-Sections in Shear,” Progress Report No. 1 of Phase I of CSSBI/IRAP Project, Department of
Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 1995.
6.21 Shan, M. Y., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “Behavior of Web Elements with Openings Subjected
to Bending, Shear and Combination of Bending and Shear,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Series
94-2, Cold-Formed Steel Series, Department of Civil Engineering, University if Missouri-Rolla,
1994.
6.22 Bleich, F., Buckling Strength of Metal Structures, Mcgraw-Hill, NY, 1952.
6.23 LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected Primarily to Shear
Stress,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June
1978.
6.24 Winter, G. and R. H. J. Pian, “Crushing Strength of Thin Steel Webs,” Cornell Bulletin 35, pt. 1,
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April 1946.
6.25 Zetlin, L., “Elastic Instability of Flat Plates Subjected to Partial Edge Loads,” Journal of
Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 81, September 1955.
6.26 Hetrakul, N. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Beam Webs Subjected to Web Crippling and a
Combination of Web Crippling and Bending,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-4,
University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1978.
6.27 Bhaka, B. H., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “The Effect of Flange Restraint on Web Crippling
Strength,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 92-1, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO,
March 1992.
6.28 Cain, D. E., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “The Effect of Flange Restraint on Web Crippling
Strength of Cold-Formed Steel Z- and I-Sections,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 95-2,
University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May 1995.
6.29 Laboube, R. A., J. N. Nunney, and R. E. Hodge, “Web Crippling Behavior of Nested Z-Purlins,”
Engineering Structures, Hancock, G. J., Editor, Vol. 16, No. 5, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd.,
London, July, 1994.
6.30 LaBoube, R. A. and W. W. Yu, “Tensile and Bearing Capacities of Bolted Connections,” Final
Summary Report, Civil Engineering Study 95-6, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 1995.
6.31 Gergers, R. R. and R. M. Schuster, “Web Crippling of Members Using High-Strength Steels,”
Proceeding of the Fourteenth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,
University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 1998.
6.32 Beshara, B. and R. M. Schuster, “Web Crippling of Cold-Formed C- and Z-Sections,” Proceeding
of the Fifteenth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of
Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, June 2000.
6.33 Langan, J. E, R. A. LaBoube,. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Perforated Web Element of
Cold-Formed Steel Flexural Members Subjected to Web Crippling and a Combination of Web
Crippling and Bending,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Study 94-3, University of Missouri-Rolla,
Rolla, MO, 1994.
6.34 Uphoff, C. A., “Structural Behavior of Circular Holes in Web Element of Cold-Formed Steel
Flexural Members Subjected to Web Crippling for End-One-Flange Loading,” thesis presented to
the faculty of the University of Missouri-Rolla in partial fulfillment for the degree Master of Science,
1996.
6.35 Deshmukh, S. U., “Behavior of Cold-Formed Steel Web Element with Web Openings Subjected to
Web Crippling and a Combination of Web Crippling and Bending for Interior-One-Flange
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Loading,” thesis presented to the faculty of the University of Missouri-Rolla in partial fulfillment
for the degree Master of Science, 1996.
6.36 Nguyen, P. and W. W. Yu, “Structural Behavior of Transversely Reinforced Beam Webs,” Final
Report, Civil Engineering Study 78-5, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, July 1978.
6.37 Hsiao, L. E., W. W. Yu, and T. V. Galambos, “Load and Resistance Factor Design of Cold-Formed
Steel: Calibration of the AISI Design Provisions,” Ninth Progress Report, Civil Engineering Study
88-2, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, February 1988.
6.38 Fox, S. R. and R. M. Schuster, “Bearing Stiffeners in Cold-Formed Steel C Sections,” Final
Report, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, DC, 2002.
6.39 Fox, S. R, “Bearing Stiffeners in Cold-Formed Steel C Sections,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of
Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2002.
6.40 American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of
Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL, 1978.
7.1
American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Washington, D. C., 1996.
7.2
Pekoz, T. B., “Development of a Unified Approach to the Design of Cold-Formed Steel
Members,” Report SG-86-4, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1986.
7.3
American Institute of Steel Construction, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for
Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL., December 1993.
7.4
Galambos, T. V. (Editor), Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures, Fourth Edition,
John Wilen and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1988.
7.5
Harper, M. M., R. A. LaBoube and W. W. Yu, “Behavior of Cold-Formed Steel Roof Trusses,”
Summary Report, Civil Engineering study 95-3, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May
1995.
7.6
Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed
Steel Structural Members, American Iron Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
7.7
American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Building-Allowable
Stress Design and Plastic Design, Chicago, IL, 1989.
7.8
Chajes, A. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Members,” Journal of
the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 91, No. ST4, August 1965.
7.9
Chajes, A., P. J. Fang, and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling, Elastic and Inelastic and
Inelastic of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Columns,” Engineering Research Bulletin, No. 66-1,
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Cornell University, 1966.
7.10 Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2
nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, N. Y. 1991.
7.11 Pekoz, T. B. and G. Winter, “Torsional-Flexural Buckling of Thin-Walled Section Under Eccentric
Load,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, No. ST5, May 1969.
7.12 Popovic, D., G.J. Hancock, and K.J.R. Rasmussen, “Axial Compression Tests of Cold-Formed
Angles,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 125, No.5, May 1999.
7.13 Schafer, B.W., “Local, Distortional, and Euler Buckling in Thin-Walled Columns,” Journal of
Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 128, No.3, March 2002.
7.14 Schafer, B.W., Sarawit, A., Peköz, T., “Complex Edge Stiffeners for Thin-Walled Members.”
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 132, No. 2, February, 2006.
7.15 American Iron and Steel Institute, Commentary on North American Specification for the Design of
Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, Washington, DC, 2007.
8.1
Pekoz, T. B., “Combined Axial Load and Bending in Cold-Formed Steel Members,” Thin-Walled
Metal Structures in Buildings, IABSE Colloquium, Stockholm, Sweden, 1986.
8.2
Pekoz, T. B. and O. Sumer, “Design Provisions for Cold-Formed Steel Columns and
Beam-Column,” Final Report, submitted to American Iron and Steel Institute, Cornell University,
September 1992.
8.3
American Iron and Steel Institute, Commentary on North American Specification for the Design of
Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, Washington, DC, 2007.
8.4
American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings - Allowable Stress
Design and Plastic Design, Chicago, IL, 1989.
8.1 American Institute of Steel Construction, Load and Resistance Factor Design
8.5
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL, 1999.
8.6
American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, IL,
2005.
8.7
American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, ANSI/AISC
360-05, 2005
8.8
內政部，”鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
9.1
Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed
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Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
9.2
Sherman, D. R., “Bending Equations for Circular Tubes,” Annual Technical Session Proceedings,
Structural Stability Research Council, 1985.
9.3
Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 3
rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 2000.
10.1 Winter, G., Commentary on the 1968 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold–Formed
Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York, NY, 1970.
10.2 Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 2
nd Edition, wiley-Intersciance, New York, NY, 1991.
10.3 Bleich, F., Buckling strength of Metal Structures, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1952.
10.4 Winter, G., “Lateral Bracing of Columns and Beams,” Transactions, ASCE, Vo1. 125, 1960.
10.5 Haussler, R. W., “Strength of Elastically Stabilized Beams,” Journal of Structural Division,
ASCE, Vo1.90, No. ST3, June 1964; also ASCE Transaction, Vo1. 130, 1965.
10.6 Haussler, R. W. and R. F. Pahers,”Connection Strength in Thin Metal Roof Structures,”
Proceeding of the Second Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structures, University of
Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, October 1973.
10.7 Lutz, L. A. and J. M. Fisher, “A Unified Approach for Stability Bracing Requirements,”
Engineering Journal, AISC, 4
th Quarter, Vo1. 22, No. 4,1985.
10.8 Salmon, C. G., and J. E. Johnson, Steel Structures: Design and Behavior, Third Edition, Harper &
Row, New York, NY, 1990.
10.9 Yura, J. A., “Fundamentals of Beam Bracing,” Is Your Structure Suitably Braced? Structural
Stability Research Council, April 1993.
10.10 Structural Stability Research Council, Is Your Structure Suitably Braced ? , Lehigh University,
Bethlehem, PA, April 1993.
10.11 Murray, T. M. and S. Elhouar, “Stability Requirements of Z-Purlin Supported Conventional Metal
Building Roof Systems,” Annual Technical Session Proceedings, Structural Stability Research
Council, 1985.
10.12 Winter, G., W. Lansing, and R. B. McCalley, Jr., “Performance of Laterally Loaded Channel
Beams,” Research, Engineering Structures Supplement. (Colton Papers, Vo1. II), 1949.
10.13 Ellifritt, D.S., T. Sputo, and J. Haynes, “Flexural Capacity of Discretely Braced C’s and Z’s,”
Proceedings of the Eleventh International Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structural
University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 1992.
10.14 Green, P.S., T. Sputo, and V. Urala, “Bracing Strength and Stiffness Requirements for Axial
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Loaded Lipped Cee Studs,” Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Specialty Conference on
Cold–Formed Steel Structural University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 2004.
10.15 American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, ANSI/AISC
360-05, 2005.
10.16 Sputo, T. and K. Beery, “Accumulation of Bracing Strength and Stiffness Demand in Cold-Formed
Steel Stud Walls,” Proceedings of the Eightteenth International Specialty Conference on
Cold–Formed Steel Structural University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 2006.
10.17 Green, G. G., G. Winter and T. R. Cuykendall, “Light Gage Steel Columns in Wall-Braced
Panels,” Bulletin, No. 35/2, Cornell University Engineering Experimental Station, 1947.
10.18 Simaan, A., “Bucking of Diaphragm-Braced Columns of Unsymmetrical Sections and Applications
to Wall Studs Design,” Report No. 353, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1973.
10.19 Simaan, A.and T. Pekoz,”Diaphragm-Braced Members and Design of Wall Studs,” Journal of the
Structural Division, ASCE, Vo1 102, ST1, January 1976.
10.20 Davis, C. S. and W. W. Yu, “The Structural Performance of Cold–Formed Steel Members with
Perforated Elements,” Final Report, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, May 1972.
10.21 Rack Manufacturers Institute, Specification for the Design, Testing, and Utilization of Industrial
Steel Storage Racks, Charlotte, NC, 1990.
10.22 Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 2000.
10.23 LaBoube, R. A., “Roof Panel to Purlin Connection: Rotational Restraint Factor,” Proceedings of
the IABSE Colloquium on Thin-Walled Metal Structures in Buildings, Stockholm, Sweden, 1986.
10.24 Glaser, N. J., R. C. Kaehler, and J. M. Fisher, “Axial Load Capacity of Sheeted C and Z
Members,” Proceedings of the Twelfth International Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel
Structural University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 1994.
10.25 Hatch, J., W. S. Easterling, and T. M. Murray, “Strength Evaluation of Strut-Purlins,”
Proceedings of the Tenth International Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structural
University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 1990.
10.26 Pekoz, T. B., “Design of Cold–Formed Steel Columns,” Proceedings of the Ninth International
Specialty Conference on Cold–Formed Steel Structural University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO,
November 1988.
10.27 Miller, T. H. and T. Pekoz, “Studies on the Behavior of Cold–Formed Steel Wall Stud
Assemblies,” Final Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1989.
10.28 Miller, T. H. and T. Pekoz, “Unstiffened Strip Approach for Perforated Wall Studs,” Journal of
the Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vo1.120, No. 2, February 1994.
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11.1 Brokenbrough, Rl L., Fastening of Cold-Formed Steel Framing, American Iron and Steel Institute,
Washington, DC, September 1995.
11.2 Pekoz, T. B. and W. McGuire, “Welding of Sheet Steel,” Report SG-79-2, American Iron and
Steel Institute, January 1979.
11.3 Yu, W. W., Cold–Formed Steel Design, 3
rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons , New York, NY, 2000.
11.4 American Welding Society, Structural Welding Code – Sheet Steel, ANSI/AWS D1.3-89, Miami,
FL, 1989.
11.5 Tangorra, F. M., R. M. Schuster, and LaBoube, R. A. “Calibration of Cold Formed Steel Welded
Construction,” Research Report, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2001.
11.6 LaBoube, R. A., “Tensile on Arc Spot Welded Connections- AISI Section E2.2.2,” University of
Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 2001.
11.7 LaBoube, R. A., “Arc Spot Welds in Sheet-to-Sheet Connections,” Department of Civil
Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 2001.
11.8 Steel Deck Institute, Inc. “Steel Deck Institute Diaphragm Design Manual”, Canton, OH, 1987.
11.9 The, L.H. and G.J. Hancock, “Strength of Fillet Welded Connection in G450 Sheet Steels,”
Research Report R802, Center for Advanced Structural Engineering, University of Sydney, July,
2000.
11.10 American Welding Society, Structural Welding Code – Steel, ANSI/AWS D1.1-96, Miami, FL,
1996.
11.11 American Welding Society, Recommended Practice for Resistance Welding, AWS C1.1-66, Miami,
FL,1966.
11.12 AWS, Recommended Practice for Resistance Welding Coated Low Carbon Steels, AWS C1.3-70,
Miami, FL, 1970.
11.13 American Welding Society, Recommended Practice for Resistance Welding, ANSI/AWS
C1.1/C1.1M-2000, Miami, FL, 2000.
11.14 內政部，“鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範”。
11.15 Research Council and Structural Connections, Allowable Stress Design Specification for Structural
Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts, 1985.
11.16 Research Council and Structural Connections, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for
Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts, 1988.
11.17 Winter, G, “Light Gage Steel Connections with High-Strength, High-Torqued Bolts,”
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Publications, IABSE, Vol. 16, 1956.
11.18 Winter, G., “Tests on Bolted Connections in Light Gage Steel,” Journal of the Structural Division,
ASCE, Vol. 82, No. ST2, February 1956.
11.19 Yu, W. W., “AISI Design Criteria for Bolted Connections,” Proceedings of the Sixth
International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla,
Rolla, MO, November 1982.
11.20 Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1985.
11.21 Yu, W. W., Cold-Formed Steel Design, 2
nd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1991.
11.22 Chong, K. P. and R. B. Matlock, “Light Gage Steel Bolted Connections without Washers,”
Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 101, No. ST7, July 1974.
11.23 Rogers, C. A., and G. J. Hancock, “Bolted Connection Tests of Thin G550 and G300 Sheet
Steels,” Journal of the Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No.7, 1998.
11.24 Wallace, J. A., R. A. LaBoube, and R. M. Schuster, “Calibration of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel
Connections in Bearing (With and Without Washers)”, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada,
2001.
11.25 Pekoz, T.B., “Design of Cold-Formed Steel Screw Connections,” Proceedings of the Tenth
International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla,
Rolla, MO, October 1990.
11.26European Convention for Construction Steelwork, “European Recommendations for the Design of
Light Gage Steel Members,” First Edition, Brussels, Belgium, 1987.
11.27 British Standards Institution, British Standard: Structural Use of Steelwork in Building, “Part 5 –
Code of Practice for Design of Cold-Formed Sections,” BS 5950: Part 5: CF92-2, 1992.
11.28 American Iron and Steel Institute, “Test Methods for Mechanically Fastened Cold-Formed Steel
Connections,” Research Report CF92-2, Washington, D. C., 1992.
11.29 British Standards Institution, British Standard: Structural Use of Steelwork in Building, “Part 5 –
Code of Practice for Design of Cold-Formed Sections,” BS 5950: Part 5: CF92-2, 1992.
11.30 Birkernoe, P. C. and M. I. Gilmor, “Behavior of Bearing – Critical Double-Angle Beam
Connections,” Engineering Journal, AISC, Fourth Quarter,
A.1 The North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Member, Chapter A
through G and Appendices A and B and Appendix 2, is herein referred to as the main Specification.
A2 Lau, S. C. W. and G. J. Hancock “Distortional Buckling Formulas for Channel Columns,” Journal
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of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 113, No. 5, 1987.
A3 Miller, T. H. and T. Pekoz “Unstiffened Strip Approach for Perforated Wall Studs,” Journal of
Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 120, No. 2, 1994.
A4 Cohen, J. M. “Local Buckling Behavior of Plate Elements,” Department of Structural Engineering
Report, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1987.
A5 Ellifritt, D., B. Glover and J. Hren “Distortional Buckling of Channels and Zees Not Attached to
Sheathing,” Report for the American and Steel Institute, Washington DC, 1997.
A6 Shan, M. Y., R. A. LaBoube, and W. W. Yu, “Behavior of Web Elements with Openings Subjected to
Bending, Shear and the Combination of Bending and Shear,” Final Report, Civil Engineering Series
94-2, Cold-Formed Steel Series, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla,
1994.
A7 Willis, C. T., and B. Wallace, “Behavior of Cold-Formed Steel Purlins under Gravity Loading,”
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 116, No. 8, 1990.
A8 Acharya, V. V. and R. M. Schuster, “Bending Test of Hat Section with Multiple Longitudinal
Stiffeners, ”Proceeding of the Fourteenth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed
Steel Structures, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, October, 1998.
A9 Bernard, E. S., “Flexural Behavior of Cold-Formed Profiled Steel Deckling,” Ph.D. Thesis,
University of Sydney, Australia, 1993.
A10 Papazian, R. P., R. M. Schuster and M. Sommerstein, “Multiple Stiffened Deck
Profiles, ”Proceedings of the Twelfth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel
Structure, University of Missouri-Rolla, MO, 1994.
A11 Schafer, B. W., Sarawit, A., Pekoz, T., “Complex Edge Stiffness for Thin-Walled Member,”
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 132, No. 2, 2006.
A12 Schafer, B. W., and T. Pekoz, “Laterally Braced Cold-Formed Steel Flexural Members with Edge
Stiffened Flanges,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 125, No. 2, 1999.
A13 Schafer, B. W., “Distortional Buckling of Cold-Formed Steel Columns,” Final Report, sponsored
by the American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, D. C., 2000.
A14 Schafer, B. W., and T. Pekoz, “Cold-Formed Steel Members with Multiple Longitudinal
Intermediate Stiffeners in the Compression Flanges,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol.
124, No. 10, 1998.
A15 Hancock, G.J., T.M. Murry and D.S. Ellifritt, Cold-Formed Steel Structures to the AISI Specification,
Marcell-Dekker, New York, NY., 2001.